Vim li cas LED teeb tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb niaj hnub no?
Koj puas tau pom tias hauv cov ntawv dhau los, peb tau hais ntau zaus tsuas yog hais txog LED teeb? Txawm nyob rau hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub los yog hauv chaw ua haujlwm, LED teeb yog ubiquitous. Tab sis koj puas to taub tias vim li cas lawv thiaj li muaj ntau yam?
Rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo, tawm tsam qhov sib npaug ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev ua haujlwm, thaum tseem ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim thiab cov kev xav tau, yeej ib txwm yog qhov teeb meem thorny.
Txawm hais tias cov teeb ci ib txwm muaj lawv qhov zoo, lawv raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam tsis zoo ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob, kev ua neej, thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm LED teeb hais txog qhov mob no. Lawv cov koob meej stems tsis tsuas yog los ntawm lawv lub zog efficiency thiab ntev lifespan, tab sis kuj los ntawm ntau nthuav nta uas lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev siv.
Yog li, dab tsi yam uas tau tsav qhov nceLED teeb, ua rau lawv "hnub qub" ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub no? Hnub no, cia peb tshawb nrhiav zaj dab neeg tom qab qhov nce ntawm LED teeb!
Keeb kwm ntawm hluav taws xob teeb pom kev zoo
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov cuab yeej teeb pom kev zoo tau dhau los ntawm ntau theem tseem ceeb. Raws li thaum ntxov xyoo pua 19th, lub invention ntawm lub teeb incandescent ushered nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm hluav taws xob teeb pom kev zoo.
Incandescent Teeb / Filament Teeb / Tungsten Filament Teeb
Xyoo 1854, Henry Goebbels tau tsim lub teeb pom kev zoo uas siv hluav taws xob los tsim lub teeb. Txawm hais tias nws tsis tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj patent, lub tshuab no tau tsim lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho tom ntej.
Xyoo 1879, Thomas Edison, uas kuj tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj, tau tsim ib qho kev txhim kho thiab ua lag luam zoo siv tau carbonized xyoob filament teeb, uas tau nrov thoob ntiaj teb xyoo 1880s.
Thaum kawg, William Coolidge, tus kws kho mob ntawm General Electric, ntxiv txhim kho cov khoom siv filament thiab ua tiav pawg- tsim cov tungsten filament qhov muag teev ntawm tus nqi qis hauv xyoo 1910. Tungsten filament tau yog cov khoom siv raw rau cov teeb ci incandescent txij li thaum, mus txog rau thaum lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm fluorescent raj thiab LEDs, uas maj mam hloov lub teeb.
Halogen Teeb
Tungsten filament teeb muaj qhov zoo xws li txuas ntxiv, teeb pom kev zoo thiab ua kom muaj xim zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv haus ntau lub zog, muaj lub neej luv luv, thiab cov tungsten filament sublimates thiab condenses ntawm lub hnab ntawv iav, ua rau lub khob kom tsaus tau yooj yim.
Nyob rau xyoo 1930, cov teeb halogen tau tshwm sim los ua ib qho kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntsiab lus halogen, lawv qhov ci ntsa iab tau nce los ntawm 1.5 npaug thiab lawv lub neej yog 2 mus rau 3 npaug ntev dua li cov teeb pom kev zoo tib yam.
Xyoo 1959, General Electric tau muag lub teeb halogen. Nws cov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub neej ntev, ua ke nrog kev siv cov tungsten -halogen voj voog los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm iav darkening, ua rau nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau tsheb thiab theem teeb pom kev zoo.
Mercury Vapor Teeb / Fluorescent Teeb
Xyoo 1901, Peter Cooper Hewitt tau tsim lub mercury vapor teeb, ua ntej ntawm lub teeb fluorescent thaum ntxov, pib siv rau kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo.
Cov roj teeb meem ntawm xyoo 1970s tau txhawb nqa kev xav tau ntawm lub zog-cov teeb pom kev zoo, thiab xyoo 1976, Edward E. Hammer ntawm General Electric tau tsim lub teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub (CFL). Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tsim khoom raug kaw vim yog tus nqi siab ntawm kev tsim lub Hoobkas. Txawm hais tias nws ua tsis tiav qhov loj - kev lag luam loj, nws tau ua txoj hauv kev rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis.
Keeb kwm ntawmLED Teeb pom kev zoo
Xyoo 1962, thawj lub teeb liab LED tau tsim hauv Tebchaws Meskas los ntawm Nick Holoniak. Txawm li cas los xij, LEDs thaum ntxov tsuas yog tso tawm ib qho xim ntawm lub teeb thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, feem ntau yog siv rau qhov taw qhia teeb thiab cov lus qhia.
Nws tsis yog txog rau thaum nruab nrab -1990s, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm xiav thiab dawb LEDs, LEDs tau dhau los ua qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo hauv lub hom phiaj.
Pib xyoo 2010, LEDs tau pib siv hauv tsheb thiab tsheb ciav hlau teeb pom kev zoo. Qee cov qauv tsheb siab- kawg kuj tseem maj mam hloov cov tsoos halogen thiab siab - siv lub teeb tawm (HID) taub hau nrog LEDs.
Raws li cov teeb ci incandescent maj mam ploj mus rau hauv cov duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov teeb fluorescent, cov qauv ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo txuas ntxiv mus. Hnub no,LED teeb, nrog lawv qhov zoo, tau maj mam tshwm sim thiab dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis hauv kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo.
Yuav ua li cas LED Teeb Emit Teeb
LED teebsiv lub teeb-emitting diodes (LEDs) ua lawv lub teeb ci, ib daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob- lub xeev teeb pom kev zoo. Thaum tam sim no dhau los ntawm LED nti, nws ua rau cov hluav taws xob zoo siab - lub qhov sib txuas hauv nws, tsim cov photons thiab emitting lub teeb.
Dab tsi yog electron -qhov khub?
LEDs yog cov khoom muaj zog- lub xeev lub teeb emitters (SSL). Thaum siv tam sim no, qhov zoo electrode ntawm LED tsim positrons los ntawm P- hom semiconductor, thaum lub electrode tsis zoo ntawm N-hom semiconductor generates tsis zoo electrons. Tam sim no ntws los ntawm P-ncej (zoo) mus rau N-ncej (tsis zoo), thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm ob lub zog (zoo thiab tsis zoo electrons) tsim lub teeb (zog).
Tsis zoo li cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov teeb halogen, LEDs tsim lub teeb yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau cua sov. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm siab luminous, ncav cuag 100 txog 200 lumens ib watt, deb tshaj ob lub teeb no. Cov tuam txhab xws li Cree hauv Tebchaws Meskas txawm hais tias lawv lub teeb LED tuaj yeem ua tiav 300 lumens ib watt.
Cov hluav taws xob tam sim no dhau los ntawm LED nti, tsim cov photons kom tawm lub teeb.
Internal structure ntawm ibLED teebmuaj ntau yam LED chips, tsav tsheb Circuit Court, lub dab dej kub, thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag. Vim tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm ib qho LED nti yog qis dua li ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo ib txwm muaj, ntau lub teeb ci LED feem ntau tau ntim rau hauv ib lub teeb los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teeb tsis txaus los ntawm ib qho LED.
Tus tsav tsheb Circuit Court hauv ibLED teebconverts AC lub zog txhua hnub rau hauv DC lub zog thiab tswj qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv tam sim no los tiv thaiv LED los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntau dhau. Lub dab dej kub dissipates cua sov los tiv thaiv LED los ntawm overheating, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws txoj sia thiab kev ua haujlwm.
LED teeb tuaj yeem tawm lub teeb ntawm cov xim sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb cov khoom siv semiconductor thiab cov qauv siv. Lub teeb dawb feem ntau yog siv rau teeb pom kev zoo. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los tsim cov LEDs dawb: sib xyaw xim liab, ntsuab, thiab xiav LEDs, lossis siv phosphors los hloov cov xim ntawm lub teeb.
Lub qub yog kim dua tab sis tso cai rau tunable lub teeb xim; qhov tom kawg tsis tshua kim thiab muaj qhov siab dua xim rendering Performance index (CRI), tab sis nrog kev txo qis hauv kev ua tau zoo.
Niaj hnub no, siab-lub zog, siab- ci ntsa iab LED chips raug tso tawm ib zaug. LED teeb kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim raws li cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov qauv tsim, nqa ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim teeb pom kev zoo. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo no ua rau cov qauv ntawm LED qhov muag teev maj mam hloov lwm lub teeb pom kev zoo dua.
Cov teeb meem uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej hauv cov teeb ci LED
Los ntawm cov teeb pom kev hauv tsev mus rau cov teeb pom kev lag luam, los ntawm cov teeb pom kev sab nraum zoov mus rau cov paib tsheb,LED teebmuaj ntau yam zoo uas twb tau zoo lawm - tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntawv thov txhua hnub:
Kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
LED teeb muaj zog heev-ntau npaum, txuag kwv yees li 50-90% ntawm hluav taws xob piv rau siab- siab sodium thiab mercury vapor teeb, txo cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab cov pa roj carbon ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, LED qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo yog mercury-dawb thiab tsis muaj UV hluav taws xob, ua rau lawv zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab paub txog kev noj qab haus huv.
Lub neej ntev thiab ruaj khov
LED teeb muaj lub neej ntev, feem ntau tshaj li 100,000 teev -tsib zaus ntawm siab- siab sodium teeb thiab tshaj kaum npaug ntawm cov pa roj mercury thiab cov roj teeb ib txwm muaj. Qhov no txo qis cov nqi tu, ua rau lawv haum rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau ntev - lub sijhawm, kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov.
Yooj yim heev
LED teeb yog compact thiab tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim tsim rau hauv ntau hom duab. Siv cov reflectors me me thiab lo ntsiab muag, txawm tias lub teeb faib tau yooj yim ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub zog. Lawv unbreakable thiab dimmable zog qhib tau tshiab possibilities rau qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo.
Muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj mob
LED teeb siv tsawg-voltage tam sim no, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb siab. Lawv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib txwm 12-24V ntau yam thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tib neeg lub cev.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum LED teeb tau dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo, lawv kuj muaj qee qhov tsis zoo uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas:
High Heat Dissipation Requirements
LED teeb yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj cua sov kom zoo, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub teeb thaum siv nyob rau hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias. Lawv xav tau lub tshuab hloov pauv- tsav lub zog, thiab lub neej ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob cuam tshuam los ntawm cua sov. Thaum tshav kub kub dissipation li ua rau lub teeb hnyav dua thiab loj dua, ua rau lawv tsis haum rau qee yam kev siv.
Xim hloov pauv hauv qhov chaw ntub dej
LED teeb yog tsim rau qis- ib puag ncig qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis lawv yuav muaj xim kub hloov yog tias muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej, thiab kev tiv thaiv dej ua rau cov nqi nce ntxiv.
Cov teeb pheej yig dua muaj cov lus nug tsis zoo.
Cov teeb pom kev tsis zoo ntawm LED teeb yog qhov nyuaj rau rov ua dua tom qab hnav thiab tsim kua muag, uas tsis yog ib puag ncig zoo. Kev ua lag luam sib xyaw nrog cov khoom zoo thiab tsis zoo, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov neeg siv khoom los txiav txim siab zoo, thiab qee cov tuam txhab kev lees paub tsuas yog cov lus hais xwb.
Txhua lub tshuab paub tab muaj nws qhov tsis zoo, thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm LED teeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg tsim khoom txhawj xeeb thaum xaiv lawv.
Raws li lub tuam txhab kev teeb pom kev zoo thiab tsim qauv, peb muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub dhau los, ua rau peb tsis tsuas yog xaiv cov khoom zoo- zoo xwb tab sis kuj txo cov nqi nruab nrab, muab cov teeb pom kev zoo - zoo thiab pheej yig teeb pom kev zoo.
Peb kuj muab kev npaj teeb pom kev zoo thiab tom qab- kev muag khoom muag, xyuas kom meej tias txhua qhov teeb pom kev zoo ua tau raws li tus neeg tsim khoom xav tau thiab xav tau. Peb cov kws tshaj lij thiab kev pabcuam zoo xyuas kom cov neeg tsim khoom siv tau peb cov khoom nrog kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb.
Qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv tswv yim
LED teeb muaj ntau yam xim xaiv, tsim kom muaj ib qho chaw xis nyob thiab xis nyob hauv tsev.
LED teeb yog qhov ruaj khov thiab lub zog- ua haujlwm tau zoo, zoo tagnrho rau txoj kev, chaw ua si, chaw ntau pob, thiab sab nraum zoov.
LED teeb muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo rau ntau qhov chaw lag luam, txhim kho kev pom kev pom.
LED teeb pom kev pom teeb pom kev zoo rau cov nroj tsuag, nrog rau cov cua sov tsawg kawg nkaus kom txo tau cov pa tawm, txhawb kev loj hlob.
Niaj hnub nimno Mainstream ntawm LED teeb pom kev zoo
Tus yuam sij rau LED teeb pom kev zoo nyob hauv kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo nyob hauv nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev siv dav dav. Nrog rau qhov zoo xws li kev ua haujlwm siab zog, kev ua neej ntev, thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig, LED teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo yav tom ntej.
Hauv kev lag luam LED, peb feem ntau pom ntau yam zoo -paub hom, xws li CREE (USA), OSRAM (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees), thiab San'an (Tuam Tshoj). Txhua lub chaw tsim khoom teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem suav tias yog "kev sib dhos", tau txais cov chips los ntawm lub Hoobkas chip, encapsulating lawv ntawm lub Hoobkas ntim, thiab thaum kawg xa lawv mus rau lub Hoobkas teeb pom kev zoo rau kev sib dhos. Txawm tias cov neeg tsim qauv yuav nyiam zoo- cov npe paub, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tseem nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm lub Hoobkas ntim khoom.
Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv LED teeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog tsis yog tsuas yog lub hom, tab sis kuj tag nrho cov khoom zoo thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm LED yuav ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo hauv kev siv tiag tiag thiab muab cov teeb pom kev zoo.
Rau cov neeg siv, xaiv cov teeb ci LED tsis tsuas yog ua kom pom kev zoo dua rau lawv lub tsev lossis chaw ua lag luam, tab sis kuj tseem txo cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab txhawb kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
Nrog ntau xyoo hauv kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo, peb muaj kev nkag siab tob txog kev lag luam thiab kev xav tau ntawm kev siv tshuab. Kev siv peb cov kev paub dhau los, peb tsis tsuas yog muab cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo - cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo xwb tab sis tseem siv zog xaiv cov khoom lag luam zoo, txhim kho cov nqi, thiab xyuas kom meej tias txhua qhov teeb pom kev zoo ua tau raws li tus neeg tsim khoom xav tau. Peb kuj muaj kev npaj teeb pom kev zoo thiab ua tiav tom qab - kev muag khoom.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm LED thev naus laus zis, tag nrho cov teeb pom kev lag luam tau hloov mus rau kev ua haujlwm siab dua thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Peb tau cog lus tias yuav ua raws li cov qauv no los ntawm kev muab cov teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws uas ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ob qho tib si rau kev ua tau zoo thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, nqa ntau yam tshiab thiab muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub lag luam teeb pom kev zoo.
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