Vim li cas graphene tau dhau los ua kev dag ntxias hauv Suav teb?
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias daim ntawv thov kev cia siab ntawm graphene tau txais kev cia siab ntau dua, lwm nqe lus sib txawv tseem yog categorical: Graphene yog kev dag ntxias hauv Suav teb.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2015, Chongqing Institute of Green thiab Intelligent Technology ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb tau tshaj tawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes graphene hu ua" GALAX SETTLERα". Raws li kev tshaj tawm thaum lub sijhawm, nws lub teeb xa hluav taws xob tau siab li 97%, tus nqi them ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes tau nce 40%, thiab lub roj teeb lub neej txuas ntxiv los ntawm 50%, lub zog ceev ntawm lub roj teeb kuj nce 10. %. Vim tias nws tau khi rau graphene, txawm hais tias lub xov tooj no tsuas yog sib npaug rau ib txhiab-yuan kev teeb tsa, tus nqi tuaj yeem siab txog 2,499 yuan.
Yim lub hlis tom qab, txawm hais tias tau tshaj tawm thawj pawg ntawm 30,000 units ntawm lub xov tooj graphene no, nws tsis tau muag hauv khw.
Tab sis tib neeg tuaj yeem yuav ntau yam khoom siv graphene. Piv txwv li, Shengquan Group, ib lub tuam txhab teev npe ntawm New OTC Market, tau tshaj tawm graphene thom khwm thiab ris tsho hauv qab ntawm lub khw. Raws li lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm, lawv ntxiv biomass graphene" sab hauv sov" fiber ntau rau cov khoom, uas yog ib tug brand-new ntse ntse multifunctional composite fiber uas" muaj peev xwm ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv ultraviolet rays, txhim kho microcirculation, antibacterial thiab antibacterial, tshav kub-nce thiab hnub-nce zog, thiab nws tuaj yeem deodorize."
Raws li lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm, lawv carbonized cog stalks los rho graphene, siv cov superconductivity ntawm graphene ua raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov khaub ncaws. Lawv kuj npaj yuav tsim ib lub tsho zoo nkauj uas ntsuas cov kev hloov pauv hloov maj mam ntawm cov poj niam lub hauv siab kub los ntawm lub sensor built-in kom tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv kuj npaj yuav siv lawv rau cov khaub ncaws tub rog. Tam sim no, cov khoom no hu ua graphene yog kim, tus nqi ntawm ib nkawm thom khwm. Rau ntau tshaj 50 yuan, tus nqi ntawm ib nkawm ris tsho hauv qab yog ze li ntawm 300 yuan, tus nqi ntawm txoj siv graphene yog ze li ntawm 600 yuan, thiab cov khaub ncaws ua kom sov yog muag rau ntau tshaj 1700 yuan.
& quot; Ob peb xyoos dhau los, thaum nanomaterials raug hyped, muaj ntau hype txog lub tswvyim ntawm' nano+' hauv Suav teb. Lub sijhawm no, lub tswvyim ntawm' graphene' yog tib yam. Muaj ntau cov khoom graphene yog kev dag ntxias." National 863 tus thawj coj ua haujlwm, tus kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv, Said Qi Lu, tus xibfwb ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Chemistry thiab Molecular Engineering ntawm Peking University. Vim nws txoj kev koom tes rau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab lub zog, Qilu tseem hu ua tus tsim tseem ceeb ntawm kuv lub teb chaws' s lithium cobalt oxide thiab lithium manganate roj teeb cathode cov ntaub ntawv.
Raws li tus neeg sau xov xwm' kev nkag siab, graphene tam sim no muab faib ua ob hom: monoatomic nyias zaj duab xis graphene thiab graphene hmoov. Kev npaj ntawm yav tas los tsuas yog siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide xws li methane thiab acetylene ua cov khoom siv raw thiab yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj vapor deposition, uas tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog graphite lossis straw.
Graphene hmoov yog tau los ntawm ntuj graphite, oxidized los ntawm concentrated acid thiab muaj zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev, thiab ces txo los ntawm expansion tshav kub kho. Raws li rau graphene muab rho tawm los ntawm straw, nws tau hais tias 15 catties ntawm pob kws tuaj yeem rho tawm ib qho catty ntawm graphene. Ntau tus neeg hauv kev lag luam zoo li tsis hnov txog.
Sib nrug los ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam graphene panties, lub" graphene roj teeb" thiab" graphene lithium roj teeb" tias ntau lub koom haum tshawb fawb thiab tuam txhab lag luam xav tsim kho kuj raug liam tias dag.
Tam sim no, kev xyaum ntawm graphene daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub roj teeb teb yog feem ntau ntxiv graphene cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo electrodes ntawm lithium roj teeb." Qhov kev mus kom ze no yog qhov tseeb tsis tseeb." Tsis ntev los no, Tsinghua Energy Internet tshawb fawb Liu Guanwei nug cov" graphene roj teeb" tsab xov xwm hauv Internet.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no hu ua" Legendary" Graphene Battery" technology, nws yog ib tug loj dag?" Hauv tsab xov xwm, Liu Guanwei tau muab qhov pom tseeb los ntawm qhov pib:
Lub tshuab ntawm" graphene roj teeb" nyob ze rau qhov tsis muaj. Graphene tsuas tuaj yeem nce tus nqi thiab tawm tus nqi hauv txoj kev xav, tab sis nws tsis pab kom muaj peev xwm (zog). Cov neeg uas yuav poob siab), lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub gimmick yog deb tshaj li qhov muaj nqis.
Raws li Liu Guanwei, raws li classic electrochemical nomenclature, lithium-ion roj teeb uas siv nyob rau hauv cov smartphones yuav tsum muaj npe" lithium cobalt oxide-graphite roj teeb." Nws yog hu ua" lithium ion roj teeb" vim lithium ion ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws." Hais lus nruj me ntsis, graphene tsuas yog ua lub luag haujlwm pabcuam hauv lub roj teeb, yog li lub roj teeb uas siv graphene tsis tuaj yeem hu ncaj qha hu ua' graphene roj teeb'"
Hauv Liu Guanwei' s saib, tsuas yog graphene siv los ua" conductive additive" nyob rau hauv cov roj teeb lithium uas tau nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam tam sim no. Tab sis txawm tias daim ntawv thov ntawm" additives" tau nug.
Graphene tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev los txhawb kev them nyiaj sai thiab tso tawm ntawm lithium roj teeb. Hauv kev xav, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho tus nqi kev ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov txheej txheem dispersion tsis nyob hauv qhov chaw thiab qhov sib tov tsis sib xws, txhua yam yog lub tsev fuabtais saum ntuj. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam khoom zoo thiab pheej yig. Cov graphene kim yuav tsum tau siv."
Tus neeg sau xov xwm tau pom tias Liu Guanwei' cov kev xav tau lees paub los ntawm ntau tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam, suav nrog Zhang Yuanbo, Qilu, xibfwb Lu Hongbin ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb Polymer ntawm Fudan University, thiab xibfwb Yuan Guohui ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm. ntawm Applied Chemistry ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Chemical Engineering ntawm Harbin Institute of Technology.
& quot; Leej twg tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv txog tam sim no? Puas muaj leej twg ua lub roj teeb li no?" Qilu kuj ntseeg hais tias" qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo electrodes ntawm lithium roj teeb yog ob qho tib si txheej txheej, yog li nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob sab nraud, Nws tsim ib qho kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm qhov zoo electrode mus rau qhov tsis zoo electrode. Graphene yog ib txheej txheej carbon atom nplhaib qauv, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm nws tus kheej cov tshuaj thiab lub cev khoom thiab yuav tsis tsim ib tug cais tsis zoo electrode khoom rau lithium roj teeb."
Ntau tus neeg puas tau nkim lawv lub neej rau qhov no?
Hais txog qhov tsis ntseeg ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam, raws li tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm" Tuam Tshoj Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance", Li Yichun tau hais tias:" Txawm hais tias kev lag luam muaj teeb meem, kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. innovation, txhua yam tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qee tus kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias nws tsis yooj yim sua. Nws' txhua yam ua tiav, thiab qee tus kws tshaj lij tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis peb yuav tsum muaj lub siab qhib."
Txog rau tam sim no, nws tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov tseeb lub ntsej muag ntawm Qingdao tus tsim tshiab" ntiaj teb ua graphene lithium roj teeb". Huawei cov lus teb yog" muaj kev tshawb fawb txog graphene, tab sis nws yuav tsis raug muag sai heev." Raws li lub koom haum Shanghai ntawm Ceramics, Suav Academy ntawm Sciences Tus thawj coj ntawm lub" Graphene Super Electric Tsheb Roj Teeb" pab neeg, Huang Fuqiang' kev tiv thaiv yog" txhua tus yuav kos cov lus sib txawv los ntawm ntau lub ces kaum, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog tib yam."
Qhov tseeb, txawm tias Andre Gaim, uas yeej qhov khoom plig Nobel hauv 2010 rau nws qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm graphene, tuaj yeem' tsis nkag siab txog qhov tam sim no frenzied graphene hauv Suav teb. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 2015, thaum Gaim tau koom nrog graphene cov khoom lag luam nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv Qingdao, nws tsis quav ntsej tus tswv lub ntsej muag thiab qhia meej tias "ntau yam khoom siv suav nrog cov roj teeb graphene tej zaum yuav xav tias hype tam sim no."
Nyob rau hnub Gaim tuaj koom lub rooj sib tham, lub" 2015 Ntiaj teb no Graphene Industry Research Report" thawj zaug luam tawm los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Graphene Kev Lag Luam Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance kuj tau tso tawm, uas qhia tau tias Tuam Tshoj tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm nyob rau hauv graphene thaum kawg ntawm 2012, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm patents tau nce sai heev nyob rau hauv lub peb xyoos dhau los.
Txawm li cas los xij, Gaim kuj tau taw qhia hauv kev xam phaj nrog Suav xov xwm hais tias ib nrab ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau cov ntawv luam tawm graphene yuav raug muab pov tseg. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntau patents, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsim los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, 90% ntawm cov uas tsis muaj nqi, 99% ntawm cov patents thaum kawg yuav ua tsis tau, thiab kev saib xyuas cov patents no kuj yuav raug nqi ntau, thiab ntau tus neeg tau nkim lawv. nyob rau qhov no.
& quot; Txawm hais tias Tuam Tshoj yog tus thawj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm graphene cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm, ntau lub koom haum tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb tsis paub dab tsi kev lag luam xav tau, thiab cov teeb meem ntawm disconnection ntawm scientific kev tshawb fawb thiab daim ntawv thov yog tseem ceeb." Kang Feiyu, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Tsinghua University Shenzhen Kawm Tiav Tsev Kawm Ntawv thiab cov kws tshaj lij cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau tshaj tawm.
Cov kev ua xyem xyav no tsis tso tseg txoj kev khiav ntawm Suav graphene practitioners. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 16, Changzhou West Taihu Science thiab Technology Industrial Park tau kos npe rau cov haujlwm graphene, thiab 21 graphene cov haujlwm sib sau ua ke hauv Changzhou. Liu Zhifeng, tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm Pabcuam ntawm Changzhou West Taihu Science thiab Technology Industrial Park, tau hais tias Changzhou' kev lag luam graphene tab tom mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm" tsim kom muaj ntau txhiab lab ntawm kev lag luam tshwj xeeb. ."
Muaj ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm graphene zoo li Changzhou hauv Suav teb. Raws li tus neeg sau xov xwm' qhov kev nkag siab, cov chaw ua haujlwm loj graphene tau tsim hauv Chongqing, Wuxi, Qingdao, Tangshan thiab lwm qhov chaw. Thiab ntau qhov chaw ua lag luam graphene xav tias yuav tawg rau xyoo 2016.
Hauv Changzhou, tus neeg sab hauv ntawm 2D Carbon Technology Co., Ltd. tau hais rau cov neeg sau xov xwm tias lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv Changzhou xyoo 2011 thiab tau loj hlob mus rau 200 tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv 2012, lawv tsim lub ntiaj teb no' thawj capacitive graphene kov npo. Hauv ob xyoos dhau los, lawv kuj tau siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab ntawm graphene films los tsim qee cov khaub ncaws uas muaj cua sov. Lawv cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov lus qhia kuj suav nrog cov khoom siv graphene sib xyaw, lub hnub ci hlwb, thiab cov khoom siv hnav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau lees tias cov khoom no yeej muaj me ntsis ua nrog graphene.
Nws yog lub lag luam peev uas saj qhov qab zib ua ntej tshaj qhov chaw ua lag luam, cov chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, tsev kawm qib siab, thiab cov lag luam. Cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog qhia tau hais tias tag nrho ntawm 60 lub tuam txhab teev npe hauv Shanghai thiab Shenzhen muaj lawv cov lag luam graphene. Nyob rau nruab nrab Lub Yim Hli 2015, Del Home Furnishings, nyob hauv Jiangsu, tshaj tawm nws cov peev hauv graphene super lithium roj teeb thiab lwm yam dej num. Tom qab kos duab daim phiaj xwm ntawm" nce nyiaj tau los txhua xyoo los ntawm 2.8 billion yuan thiab cov nyiaj tau los txhua xyoo los ntawm 450 lab yuan", lub tuam txhab no tau ntes nrog" Tus nqi sib koom ntawm lub tuam txhab nrog lub tswv yim ntawm" graphene roj teeb" zoo li tau nyob rau hauv lub foob pob hluav taws, nrog nce ntawm 158.4% hauv ntau tshaj ob lub hlis.
Txoj kev mus rau kev lag luam kev lag luam yog ntev
& quot; Hauv kev thov hauv tsev ntawm graphene, tsis muaj ntau lub tuam txhab uas ua tau graphene. Ntau ntawm lawv yog cov tuam txhab uas siv los ua cov khoom siv carbon xws li graphite, lossis txawm tias cov tuam txhab tsis sib haum xeeb uas siv cov chij ntawm graphene, los yog speculate hauv cov khoom lag luam, los yog sib ntaus rau nws. Cov Nyiaj Txiag Hauv Tebchaws, yuav luag tsis muaj tuam txhab uas muag ua graphene tiag tiag thiab tuaj yeem ua tau nyiaj tiag tiag." Zhu Hongwei, tus xibfwb ntawm Micro-Nano Mechanics Center ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Science thiab Engineering, Tsinghua University.
Nyob rau hauv Liu Guanwei' s saib, tsis tsuas yog muaj ntau domestic graphene scams, tab sis kuj muaj ntau hype txog txawv teb chaws tej yaam num. Hauv nws tsab xov xwm nug graphene roj teeb, Liu Guanwei tau hais tias" lub tuam txhab Spanish Graphenano nrog graphene roj teeb" nrhiav tsis tau cov ntaub ntawv siv tau txawm tias nws yog peb lub tuam txhab tsheb German uas tau thov kev koom tes lossis hauv lub vev xaib Patent Office.
Yog li, vim li cas thiaj li xav tau" huab tais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab" nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txawv txawv controversy?
Raws li tus neeg sau xov xwm' qhov kev nkag siab, muaj peb qhov laj thawj: Ntawm ib sab, txawm hais tias nyob hauv lossis txawv teb chaws, tsis muaj kev pom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam kom tau txais cov cheeb tsam loj ib leeg siv lead ua graphene. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev lag luam qis qis ntawm graphene tseem tsis tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Qhov kev thov loj tshaj plaws rau graphene tsuas yog lub koom haum tshawb fawb loj thiab cov chaw soj nstuam, thiab tsis muaj ntau cov graphene tau muab tso rau hauv kev lag luam.
Raws li thaum ntxov xyoo 2010, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Sungkyunkwan University hauv South Kauslim thiab Samsung Corporation tau tsim cov pob tshab thiab hloov tau yooj yim tso saib uas muaj ntau txheej graphene thiab cov ntawv polyester substrate. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, Hong Bingxi, tus xibfwb ntawm Sungkyunkwan University thiab tus sau cov ntaub ntawv sib xws, tau hais tias lawv txoj kev tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov graphene-raws li hnub ci hlwb, kov sensors, thiab cov vaj huam sib luag tiaj tus. Tab sis nws kuj tau lees paub thaum lub sijhawm ntawd nws tseem ntxov dhau rau kev tsim khoom loj thiab kev lag luam-tsib xyoo tom qab, Hong Bingxi' txoj kev tseem nyob hauv chav kuaj ntawm Samsung thiab Sungkyunkwan University hauv Kaus Lim Qab Teb.
Qhov kawg nam yog tus nqi ntawm kev npaj graphene. Vim tias tsis muaj peev xwm tsim khoom loj, tus nqi ntawm kev npaj graphene tseem muaj siab, thiab tus nqi siab kuj tseem cuam tshuam cov kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam hauv qab. Yav dhau los, tus nqi ntawm graphene yog siab li 5,000 yuan / gram, uas yog ob peb zaug kim dua kub." Lub raj mis ntawm tej yam uas tsis xav tsis thoob yog kim dua kub. Ob peb grams ntawm graphene hmoov muaj nqis ntau pua txhiab yuan. Thaum peb ya saum lub dav hlau, peb raug thauj los ntawm ntau tus neeg vim ntshai tsam raug ntes los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas kev ruaj ntseg." Cov kev pib kawm tau siv los piav txog nws li no.
Hauv Canada, Grafoid thiab National University of Singapore tau tsim lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws graphene tshawb fawb chaw (NUS), thiab launched ib tug tshiab ntau lawm puag nyob rau hauv Ontario nyob rau hauv 2014. Qhov no 20,000-square-meter puag mas tsim graphene hmoov. Lub sijhawm ntawd, Tus neeg saib xyuas lub tuam txhab tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov graphene zoo ntawm tus nqi qis. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tshaj li ib xyoos tom qab, tsis tau muaj xov xwm tshiab los ntawm lub hauv paus no.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog cov teeb meem kev txawj ntse uas cuam tshuam rau daim ntawv thov loj ntawm graphene. Ntawm lawv, kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem hluavtaws zoo sib xws thiab rov ua dua tshiab rau cov nqi qis, loj-loj, thiab zoo graphene yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws.
Ib qho nthuav uas tib neeg paub txog yog Andre Gaim siv daim kab xev nplaum kom tau graphene. Tab sis dab tsi tib neeg tsis ua' tsis paub yog tias cov graphene tau txais los ntawm txoj kev no muaj qhov me me, feem ntau ntawm 10 microns thiab 100 microns, thiab muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom qis thiab cov nqi siab, thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. industrialization thiab loj-scale ntau lawm.
Tom qab ntawd, txoj kev txo qis graphite oxide yog ib txoj hauv kev uas feem ntau siv los npaj graphene. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no feem ntau tau txais graphene hmoov, uas muaj ntau yam tsis xws luag thiab tsis zoo hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Concentrated sulfuric acid yog xav tau los oxidize graphite, uas yog ib qho teeb meem nyuaj nyob rau hauv industrial khib nyiab ua kua.
Txij thaum ntawd los, tib neeg xav tias tsis tas yuav siv graphite los npaj graphene, tab sis tsuas yog yuav tsum tau sim ua kom carbon atoms tsim ib zaj duab xis nyias. Tshuaj vapor deposition (CVD) tau los ua. Txoj kev no qhia txog cov pa roj xws li ethylene lossis acetylene rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv chamber kom decompose cov pa roj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Tom qab txias, carbon atoms tso rau saum npoo ntawm substrate los tsim graphene. . Txawm hais tias CVD tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov khoom loj thiab cov khoom zoo graphene ntawm qhov loj, qhov teeb meem yog vim nws cov nqi siab thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov qauv no hauv graphene ntau lawm yog txwv.
Vim muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv kev npaj, tus nqi ntawm graphene hmoov thiab CVD zaj duab xis kuj txawv ntawm ntau txhiab zaus. Piv txwv li, 1 gram ntawm graphene hmoov tsuas yog nqi tsawg dua 10 yuan, thaum 1 square meter ntawm graphene zaj duab xis raug nqi kaum rau pua pua yuan, thiab nws qhov hnyav yog tsawg dua 1 mg.
Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb-txheej txheem stripping. Txij li tag nrho cov txheej txheem ua kua theem exfoliation tsis qhia txog qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov graphene, nws muab cov ntawv thov dav dav rau nws cov kev siv hauv thaj chaw ntawm microelectronics, multifunctional composite cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Qhov tsis zoo kuj yog tias cov yield tsawg heev.
Yog li ntawd, los ntawm daim ntawv thov kev pom, graphene yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub storytelling theem nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws." Tsis tas li ntawd, tam sim no cov qauv kev lag luam rau qhov loj, qhov sib xws thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm graphene hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab, yog li kev siv graphene tiag tiag hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem tsis tau pom." Zhu Hongwei ntseeg tias graphite Tam sim no, ene tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv me me hauv chav kuaj, tab sis kev tsim khoom loj thiab kev sib koom ua ke zoo tsis tuaj yeem lav." Tsawg kawg tseem tsis tau muaj kev cia siab."
Qhov tseeb, txawm tias Gaim nws tus kheej muaj kev tshwj tseg txog kev lag luam tam sim no ntawm graphene. Gaim ntseeg hais tias graphene yog ib qho primer uas tau tsav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam khoom siv ob sab. Tab sis rau graphene, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm physics, nws tau mus txog lub fwj, thiab tshwj tsis yog tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua yav tom ntej, nws nyuaj rau kev txhim kho ntxiv.
Memorabilia ntawm Graphene Development
2004: Andrei Geim thiab Konstantin Novoselov tau graphene los ntawm ib qho yooj yim mechanical stripping txoj kev ntawm daim kab xev. Ob leeg tau txais Nobel nqi zog hauv Physics hauv 2010.
Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2009: Nyiv' lub koom haum Fujitsu tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm nws txoj kev siv graphene ua tau zoo los ua cov transistors.
Lub Ob Hlis 2010: IBM tsim Graphene FET (Field Effect Transistor).
Lub Rau Hli 2010: Samsung thiab xibfwb Sumio Iijima ntawm Sungkyunkwan University hauv South Kauslim tau siv graphene los ua cov pob tshab pob tshab electrodes.
Lub Ib Hlis 2012: Jiangnan Graphene Research Institute, 2D Carbon thiab lwm lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm tias lawv tau koom ua ke tsim lub ntiaj teb' thawj graphene capacitive kov npo rau cov xov tooj ntawm tes.
Lub Yim Hli 2012: Nokia tau tshaj tawm tias nws lub tuam tsev R& D tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm graphene photoelectric sensors.
Lub Cuaj Hli 2012: Sony tshaj tawm tias nws tau tsim cov txheej txheem yob-rau-yob los tsim cov graphene.
Lub Ib Hlis 2013: Chongqing Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb
Vim li cas graphene tau dhau los ua kev dag ntxias hauv Suav teb?
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias daim ntawv thov kev cia siab ntawm graphene tau txais kev cia siab ntau dua, lwm nqe lus sib txawv tseem yog categorical: Graphene yog kev dag ntxias hauv Suav teb.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2015, Chongqing Institute of Green thiab Intelligent Technology ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb tau tshaj tawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes graphene hu ua" GALAX SETTLERα". Raws li kev tshaj tawm thaum lub sijhawm, nws lub teeb xa hluav taws xob tau siab li 97%, tus nqi them ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes tau nce 40%, thiab lub roj teeb lub neej txuas ntxiv los ntawm 50%, lub zog ceev ntawm lub roj teeb kuj nce 10. %. Vim tias nws tau khi rau graphene, txawm hais tias lub xov tooj no tsuas yog sib npaug rau ib txhiab-yuan kev teeb tsa, tus nqi tuaj yeem siab txog 2,499 yuan.
Yim lub hlis tom qab, txawm hais tias tau tshaj tawm thawj pawg ntawm 30,000 units ntawm lub xov tooj graphene no, nws tsis tau muag hauv khw.
Tab sis tib neeg tuaj yeem yuav ntau yam khoom siv graphene. Piv txwv li, Shengquan Group, ib lub tuam txhab teev npe ntawm New OTC Market, tau tshaj tawm graphene thom khwm thiab ris tsho hauv qab ntawm lub khw. Raws li lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm, lawv ntxiv biomass graphene" sab hauv sov" fiber ntau rau cov khoom, uas yog ib tug brand-new ntse ntse multifunctional composite fiber uas" muaj peev xwm ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv ultraviolet rays, txhim kho microcirculation, antibacterial thiab antibacterial, tshav kub-nce thiab hnub-nce zog, thiab nws tuaj yeem deodorize."
Raws li lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm, lawv carbonized cog stalks los rho graphene, siv cov superconductivity ntawm graphene ua raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov khaub ncaws. Lawv kuj npaj yuav tsim ib lub tsho zoo nkauj uas ntsuas cov kev hloov pauv hloov maj mam ntawm cov poj niam lub hauv siab kub los ntawm lub sensor built-in kom tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv kuj npaj yuav siv lawv rau cov khaub ncaws tub rog. Tam sim no, cov khoom no hu ua graphene yog kim, tus nqi ntawm ib nkawm thom khwm. Rau ntau tshaj 50 yuan, tus nqi ntawm ib nkawm ris tsho hauv qab yog ze li ntawm 300 yuan, tus nqi ntawm txoj siv graphene yog ze li ntawm 600 yuan, thiab cov khaub ncaws ua kom sov yog muag rau ntau tshaj 1700 yuan.
& quot; Ob peb xyoos dhau los, thaum nanomaterials raug hyped, muaj ntau hype txog lub tswvyim ntawm' nano+' hauv Suav teb. Lub sijhawm no, lub tswvyim ntawm' graphene' yog tib yam. Muaj ntau cov khoom graphene yog kev dag ntxias." National 863 tus thawj coj ua haujlwm, tus kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv, Said Qi Lu, tus xibfwb ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Chemistry thiab Molecular Engineering ntawm Peking University. Vim nws txoj kev koom tes rau cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab lub zog, Qilu tseem hu ua tus tsim tseem ceeb ntawm kuv lub teb chaws' s lithium cobalt oxide thiab lithium manganate roj teeb cathode cov ntaub ntawv.
Raws li tus neeg sau xov xwm' kev nkag siab, graphene tam sim no muab faib ua ob hom: monoatomic nyias zaj duab xis graphene thiab graphene hmoov. Kev npaj ntawm yav tas los tsuas yog siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide xws li methane thiab acetylene ua cov khoom siv raw thiab yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj vapor deposition, uas tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog graphite lossis straw.
Graphene hmoov yog tau los ntawm ntuj graphite, oxidized los ntawm concentrated acid thiab muaj zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev, thiab ces txo los ntawm expansion tshav kub kho. Raws li rau graphene muab rho tawm los ntawm straw, nws tau hais tias 15 catties ntawm pob kws tuaj yeem rho tawm ib qho catty ntawm graphene. Ntau tus neeg hauv kev lag luam zoo li tsis hnov txog.
Sib nrug los ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam graphene panties, lub" graphene roj teeb" thiab" graphene lithium roj teeb" tias ntau lub koom haum tshawb fawb thiab tuam txhab lag luam xav tsim kho kuj raug liam tias dag.
Tam sim no, kev xyaum ntawm graphene daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub roj teeb teb yog feem ntau ntxiv graphene cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo electrodes ntawm lithium roj teeb." Qhov kev mus kom ze no yog qhov tseeb tsis tseeb." Tsis ntev los no, Tsinghua Energy Internet tshawb fawb Liu Guanwei nug cov" graphene roj teeb" tsab xov xwm hauv Internet.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no hu ua" Legendary" Graphene Battery" technology, nws yog ib tug loj dag?" Hauv tsab xov xwm, Liu Guanwei tau muab qhov pom tseeb los ntawm qhov pib:
Lub tshuab ntawm" graphene roj teeb" nyob ze rau qhov tsis muaj. Graphene tsuas tuaj yeem nce tus nqi thiab tawm tus nqi hauv txoj kev xav, tab sis nws tsis pab kom muaj peev xwm (zog). Cov neeg uas yuav poob siab), lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub gimmick yog deb tshaj li qhov muaj nqis.
Raws li Liu Guanwei, raws li classic electrochemical nomenclature, lithium-ion roj teeb uas siv nyob rau hauv cov smartphones yuav tsum muaj npe" lithium cobalt oxide-graphite roj teeb." Nws yog hu ua" lithium ion roj teeb" vim lithium ion ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws." Hais lus nruj me ntsis, graphene tsuas yog ua lub luag haujlwm pabcuam hauv lub roj teeb, yog li lub roj teeb uas siv graphene tsis tuaj yeem hu ncaj qha hu ua' graphene roj teeb'"
Hauv Liu Guanwei' s saib, tsuas yog graphene siv los ua" conductive additive" nyob rau hauv cov roj teeb lithium uas tau nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam tam sim no. Tab sis txawm tias daim ntawv thov ntawm" additives" tau nug.
Graphene tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev los txhawb kev them nyiaj sai thiab tso tawm ntawm lithium roj teeb. Hauv kev xav, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho tus nqi kev ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov txheej txheem dispersion tsis nyob hauv qhov chaw thiab qhov sib tov tsis sib xws, txhua yam yog lub tsev fuabtais saum ntuj. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam khoom zoo thiab pheej yig. Cov graphene kim yuav tsum tau siv."
Tus neeg sau xov xwm tau pom tias Liu Guanwei' cov kev xav tau lees paub los ntawm ntau tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam, suav nrog Zhang Yuanbo, Qilu, xibfwb Lu Hongbin ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb Polymer ntawm Fudan University, thiab xibfwb Yuan Guohui ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm. ntawm Applied Chemistry ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Chemical Engineering ntawm Harbin Institute of Technology.
& quot; Leej twg tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv txog tam sim no? Puas muaj leej twg ua lub roj teeb li no?" Qilu kuj ntseeg hais tias" qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo electrodes ntawm lithium roj teeb yog ob qho tib si txheej txheej, yog li nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob sab nraud, Nws tsim ib qho kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm qhov zoo electrode mus rau qhov tsis zoo electrode. Graphene yog ib txheej txheej carbon atom nplhaib qauv, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm nws tus kheej cov tshuaj thiab lub cev khoom thiab yuav tsis tsim ib tug cais tsis zoo electrode khoom rau lithium roj teeb."
Ntau tus neeg puas tau nkim lawv lub neej rau qhov no?
Hais txog qhov tsis ntseeg ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam, raws li tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm" Tuam Tshoj Graphene Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance", Li Yichun tau hais tias:" Txawm hais tias kev lag luam muaj teeb meem, kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. innovation, txhua yam tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qee tus kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias nws tsis yooj yim sua. Nws' txhua yam ua tiav, thiab qee tus kws tshaj lij tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis peb yuav tsum muaj lub siab qhib."
Txog rau tam sim no, nws tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov tseeb lub ntsej muag ntawm Qingdao tus tsim tshiab" ntiaj teb ua graphene lithium roj teeb". Huawei cov lus teb yog" muaj kev tshawb fawb txog graphene, tab sis nws yuav tsis raug muag sai heev." Raws li lub koom haum Shanghai ntawm Ceramics, Suav Academy ntawm Sciences Tus thawj coj ntawm lub" Graphene Super Electric Tsheb Roj Teeb" pab neeg, Huang Fuqiang' kev tiv thaiv yog" txhua tus yuav kos cov lus sib txawv los ntawm ntau lub ces kaum, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb yog tib yam."
Qhov tseeb, txawm tias Andre Gaim, uas yeej qhov khoom plig Nobel hauv 2010 rau nws qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm graphene, tuaj yeem' tsis nkag siab txog qhov tam sim no frenzied graphene hauv Suav teb. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Kaum Hli 2015, thaum Gaim tau koom nrog graphene cov khoom lag luam nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv Qingdao, nws tsis quav ntsej tus tswv lub ntsej muag thiab qhia meej tias "ntau yam khoom siv suav nrog cov roj teeb graphene tej zaum yuav xav tias hype tam sim no."
Nyob rau hnub Gaim tuaj koom lub rooj sib tham, lub" 2015 Ntiaj teb no Graphene Industry Research Report" thawj zaug luam tawm los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Graphene Kev Lag Luam Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance kuj tau tso tawm, uas qhia tau tias Tuam Tshoj tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm nyob rau hauv graphene thaum kawg ntawm 2012, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm patents tau nce sai heev nyob rau hauv lub peb xyoos dhau los.
Txawm li cas los xij, Gaim kuj tau taw qhia hauv kev xam phaj nrog Suav xov xwm hais tias ib nrab ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm ntau cov ntawv luam tawm graphene yuav raug muab pov tseg. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntau patents, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsim los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, 90% ntawm cov uas tsis muaj nqi, 99% ntawm cov patents thaum kawg yuav ua tsis tau, thiab kev saib xyuas cov patents no kuj yuav raug nqi ntau, thiab ntau tus neeg tau nkim lawv. nyob rau qhov no.
& quot; Txawm hais tias Tuam Tshoj yog tus thawj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm graphene cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm, ntau lub koom haum tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb tsis paub dab tsi kev lag luam xav tau, thiab cov teeb meem ntawm disconnection ntawm scientific kev tshawb fawb thiab daim ntawv thov yog tseem ceeb." Kang Feiyu, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Tsinghua University Shenzhen Kawm Tiav Tsev Kawm Ntawv thiab cov kws tshaj lij cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau tshaj tawm.
Cov kev ua xyem xyav no tsis tso tseg txoj kev khiav ntawm Suav graphene practitioners. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 16, Changzhou West Taihu Science thiab Technology Industrial Park tau kos npe rau cov haujlwm graphene, thiab 21 graphene cov haujlwm sib sau ua ke hauv Changzhou. Liu Zhifeng, tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Neeg Ua Haujlwm Pabcuam ntawm Changzhou West Taihu Science thiab Technology Industrial Park, tau hais tias Changzhou' kev lag luam graphene tab tom mus rau lub hom phiaj ntawm" tsim kom muaj ntau txhiab lab ntawm kev lag luam tshwj xeeb. ."
Muaj ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm graphene zoo li Changzhou hauv Suav teb. Raws li tus neeg sau xov xwm' qhov kev nkag siab, cov chaw ua haujlwm loj graphene tau tsim hauv Chongqing, Wuxi, Qingdao, Tangshan thiab lwm qhov chaw. Thiab ntau qhov chaw ua lag luam graphene xav tias yuav tawg rau xyoo 2016.
Hauv Changzhou, tus neeg sab hauv ntawm 2D Carbon Technology Co., Ltd. tau hais rau cov neeg sau xov xwm tias lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv Changzhou xyoo 2011 thiab tau loj hlob mus rau 200 tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv 2012, lawv tsim lub ntiaj teb no' thawj capacitive graphene kov npo. Hauv ob xyoos dhau los, lawv kuj tau siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab ntawm graphene films los tsim qee cov khaub ncaws uas muaj cua sov. Lawv cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov lus qhia kuj suav nrog cov khoom siv graphene sib xyaw, lub hnub ci hlwb, thiab cov khoom siv hnav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau lees tias cov khoom no yeej muaj me ntsis ua nrog graphene.
Nws yog lub lag luam peev uas saj qhov qab zib ua ntej tshaj qhov chaw ua lag luam, cov chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb, tsev kawm qib siab, thiab cov lag luam. Cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog qhia tau hais tias tag nrho ntawm 60 lub tuam txhab teev npe hauv Shanghai thiab Shenzhen muaj lawv cov lag luam graphene. Nyob rau nruab nrab Lub Yim Hli 2015, Del Home Furnishings, nyob hauv Jiangsu, tshaj tawm nws cov peev hauv graphene super lithium roj teeb thiab lwm yam dej num. Tom qab kos duab daim phiaj xwm ntawm" nce nyiaj tau los txhua xyoo los ntawm 2.8 billion yuan thiab cov nyiaj tau los txhua xyoo los ntawm 450 lab yuan", lub tuam txhab no tau ntes nrog" Tus nqi sib koom ntawm lub tuam txhab nrog lub tswv yim ntawm" graphene roj teeb" zoo li tau nyob rau hauv lub foob pob hluav taws, nrog nce ntawm 158.4% hauv ntau tshaj ob lub hlis.
Txoj kev mus rau kev lag luam kev lag luam yog ntev
& quot; Hauv kev thov hauv tsev ntawm graphene, tsis muaj ntau lub tuam txhab uas ua tau graphene. Ntau ntawm lawv yog cov tuam txhab uas siv los ua cov khoom siv carbon xws li graphite, lossis txawm tias cov tuam txhab tsis sib haum xeeb uas siv cov chij ntawm graphene, los yog speculate hauv cov khoom lag luam, los yog sib ntaus rau nws. Cov Nyiaj Txiag Hauv Tebchaws, yuav luag tsis muaj tuam txhab uas muag ua graphene tiag tiag thiab tuaj yeem ua tau nyiaj tiag tiag." Zhu Hongwei, tus xibfwb ntawm Micro-Nano Mechanics Center ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Science thiab Engineering, Tsinghua University.
Nyob rau hauv Liu Guanwei' s saib, tsis tsuas yog muaj ntau domestic graphene scams, tab sis kuj muaj ntau hype txog txawv teb chaws tej yaam num. Hauv nws tsab xov xwm nug graphene roj teeb, Liu Guanwei tau hais tias" lub tuam txhab Spanish Graphenano nrog graphene roj teeb" nrhiav tsis tau cov ntaub ntawv siv tau txawm tias nws yog peb lub tuam txhab tsheb German uas tau thov kev koom tes lossis hauv lub vev xaib Patent Office.
Yog li, vim li cas thiaj li xav tau" huab tais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab" nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txawv txawv controversy?
Raws li tus neeg sau xov xwm' qhov kev nkag siab, muaj peb qhov laj thawj: Ntawm ib sab, txawm hais tias nyob hauv lossis txawv teb chaws, tsis muaj kev pom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam kom tau txais cov cheeb tsam loj ib leeg siv lead ua graphene. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev lag luam qis qis ntawm graphene tseem tsis tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Qhov kev thov loj tshaj plaws rau graphene tsuas yog lub koom haum tshawb fawb loj thiab cov chaw soj nstuam, thiab tsis muaj ntau cov graphene tau muab tso rau hauv kev lag luam.
Raws li thaum ntxov xyoo 2010, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Sungkyunkwan University hauv South Kauslim thiab Samsung Corporation tau tsim cov pob tshab thiab hloov tau yooj yim tso saib uas muaj ntau txheej graphene thiab cov ntawv polyester substrate. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, Hong Bingxi, tus xibfwb ntawm Sungkyunkwan University thiab tus sau cov ntaub ntawv sib xws, tau hais tias lawv txoj kev tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov graphene-raws li hnub ci hlwb, kov sensors, thiab cov vaj huam sib luag tiaj tus. Tab sis nws kuj tau lees paub thaum lub sijhawm ntawd nws tseem ntxov dhau rau kev tsim khoom loj thiab kev lag luam-tsib xyoo tom qab, Hong Bingxi' txoj kev tseem nyob hauv chav kuaj ntawm Samsung thiab Sungkyunkwan University hauv Kaus Lim Qab Teb.
Qhov kawg nam yog tus nqi ntawm kev npaj graphene. Vim tias tsis muaj peev xwm tsim khoom loj, tus nqi ntawm kev npaj graphene tseem muaj siab, thiab tus nqi siab kuj tseem cuam tshuam cov kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam hauv qab. Yav dhau los, tus nqi ntawm graphene yog siab li 5,000 yuan / gram, uas yog ob peb zaug kim dua kub." Lub raj mis ntawm tej yam uas tsis xav tsis thoob yog kim dua kub. Ob peb grams ntawm graphene hmoov muaj nqis ntau pua txhiab yuan. Thaum peb ya saum lub dav hlau, peb raug thauj los ntawm ntau tus neeg vim ntshai tsam raug ntes los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas kev ruaj ntseg." Cov kev pib kawm tau siv los piav txog nws li no.
Hauv Canada, Grafoid thiab National University of Singapore tau tsim lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws graphene tshawb fawb chaw (NUS), thiab launched ib tug tshiab ntau lawm puag nyob rau hauv Ontario nyob rau hauv 2014. Qhov no 20,000-square-meter puag mas tsim graphene hmoov. Lub sijhawm ntawd, Tus neeg saib xyuas lub tuam txhab tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov graphene zoo ntawm tus nqi qis. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tshaj li ib xyoos tom qab, tsis tau muaj xov xwm tshiab los ntawm lub hauv paus no.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog cov teeb meem kev txawj ntse uas cuam tshuam rau daim ntawv thov loj ntawm graphene. Ntawm lawv, kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem hluavtaws zoo sib xws thiab rov ua dua tshiab rau cov nqi qis, loj-loj, thiab zoo graphene yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws.
Ib qho nthuav uas tib neeg paub txog yog Andre Gaim siv daim kab xev nplaum kom tau graphene. Tab sis dab tsi tib neeg tsis ua' tsis paub yog tias cov graphene tau txais los ntawm txoj kev no muaj qhov me me, feem ntau ntawm 10 microns thiab 100 microns, thiab muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom qis thiab cov nqi siab, thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. industrialization thiab loj-scale ntau lawm.
Tom qab ntawd, txoj kev txo qis graphite oxide yog ib txoj hauv kev uas feem ntau siv los npaj graphene. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no feem ntau tau txais graphene hmoov, uas muaj ntau yam tsis xws luag thiab tsis zoo hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Concentrated sulfuric acid yog xav tau los oxidize graphite, uas yog ib qho teeb meem nyuaj nyob rau hauv industrial khib nyiab ua kua.
Txij thaum ntawd los, tib neeg xav tias tsis tas yuav siv graphite los npaj graphene, tab sis tsuas yog yuav tsum tau sim ua kom carbon atoms tsim ib zaj duab xis nyias. Tshuaj vapor deposition (CVD) tau los ua. Txoj kev no qhia txog cov pa roj xws li ethylene lossis acetylene rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv chamber kom decompose cov pa roj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Tom qab txias, carbon atoms tso rau saum npoo ntawm substrate los tsim graphene. . Txawm hais tias CVD tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov khoom loj thiab cov khoom zoo graphene ntawm qhov loj, qhov teeb meem yog vim nws cov nqi siab thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov qauv no hauv graphene ntau lawm yog txwv.
Vim muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv kev npaj, tus nqi ntawm graphene hmoov thiab CVD zaj duab xis kuj txawv ntawm ntau txhiab zaus. Piv txwv li, 1 gram ntawm graphene hmoov tsuas yog nqi tsawg dua 10 yuan, thaum 1 square meter ntawm graphene zaj duab xis raug nqi kaum rau pua pua yuan, thiab nws qhov hnyav yog tsawg dua 1 mg.
Muaj lwm txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb-txheej txheem stripping. Txij li tag nrho cov txheej txheem ua kua theem exfoliation tsis qhia txog qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov graphene, nws muab cov ntawv thov dav dav rau nws cov kev siv hauv thaj chaw ntawm microelectronics, multifunctional composite cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Qhov tsis zoo kuj yog tias cov yield tsawg heev.
Yog li ntawd, los ntawm daim ntawv thov kev pom, graphene yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub storytelling theem nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws." Tsis tas li ntawd, tam sim no cov qauv kev lag luam rau qhov loj, qhov sib xws thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm graphene hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem tsis tau txiav txim siab, yog li kev siv graphene tiag tiag hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem tsis tau pom." Zhu Hongwei ntseeg tias graphite Tam sim no, ene tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv me me hauv chav kuaj, tab sis kev tsim khoom loj thiab kev sib koom ua ke zoo tsis tuaj yeem lav." Tsawg kawg tseem tsis tau muaj kev cia siab."
Qhov tseeb, txawm tias Gaim nws tus kheej muaj kev tshwj tseg txog kev lag luam tam sim no ntawm graphene. Gaim ntseeg hais tias graphene yog ib qho primer uas tau tsav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam khoom siv ob sab. Tab sis rau graphene, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm physics, nws tau mus txog lub fwj, thiab tshwj tsis yog tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua yav tom ntej, nws nyuaj rau kev txhim kho ntxiv.
Memorabilia ntawm Graphene Development
2004: Andrei Geim thiab Konstantin Novoselov tau graphene los ntawm ib qho yooj yim mechanical stripping txoj kev ntawm daim kab xev. Ob leeg tau txais Nobel nqi zog hauv Physics hauv 2010.
Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2009: Nyiv' lub koom haum Fujitsu tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm nws txoj kev siv graphene ua tau zoo los ua cov transistors.
Lub Ob Hlis 2010: IBM tsim Graphene FET (Field Effect Transistor).
Lub Rau Hli 2010: Samsung thiab xibfwb Sumio Iijima ntawm Sungkyunkwan University hauv South Kauslim tau siv graphene los ua cov pob tshab pob tshab electrodes.
Lub Ib Hlis 2012: Jiangnan Graphene Research Institute, 2D Carbon thiab lwm lub tuam txhab tshaj tawm tias lawv tau koom ua ke tsim lub ntiaj teb' thawj graphene capacitive kov npo rau cov xov tooj ntawm tes.
Lub Yim Hli 2012: Nokia tau tshaj tawm tias nws lub tuam tsev R& D tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm graphene photoelectric sensors.
Lub Cuaj Hli 2012: Sony tshaj tawm tias nws tau tsim cov txheej txheem yob-rau-yob los tsim cov graphene.
Lub Ib Hlis 2013: Chongqing Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb
