Yog tias koj tau mob siab rau hauv chav kawm thiab nco ntsoov cov lus qhia ntawm koj tus kws qhia xyoo 4, koj yuav paub tias Thomas Eddison, yog ib tus neeg tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv Asmeskas, tau tsim lub teeb thawj zaug. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog thawj tus xav txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob. Nws yog British inventors uas ignited qhov yuav muaj hluav taws xob teeb los ntawm inventing lub arc teeb. Xyoo 1835, kev ua qauv qhia ntawm thawj lub teeb hluav taws xob tas li tau tshwm sim. Tau ntau xyoo, cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tau ua haujlwm ntawm lub qhov muag teeb, dabbling nrog cov filament (qhov uas ua rau lub teeb thaum tshav kub los ntawm hluav taws xob) thiab lub teeb qhov chaw (txawm tias huab cua yuav tsum tau nqus los yog ntim nrog cov roj inert kom tsis txhob muaj cov filament ntawm hlawv tawm). Hmoov tsis zoo, cov qij thaum ntxov no muaj lub neej luv luv, tau kim heev, thiab siv zog ntau heev uas nws yuav ua rau koj ob lub qhov muag dej.
Thaum Thomas Edison tuaj rau hauv daim duab, nws thiab nws cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsom mus rau kev kho cov filament. Lawv sim siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide, tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau platinum ua ntej ib zaug rov qab mus rau carbon filament. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj xyoo 1879, Edison thiab nws pab neeg tau tsim lub teeb pom kev zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv carbonized ntawm cov paj rwb tsis sib xws, kav ntev li 14.5 teev. Lawv tweaked thiab txuas ntxiv mus sim rau ntawm lub filament thiab siv ib tug ua los ntawm xyoob, thiab nws kav ntev li 1200 teev (cov filament no tau los ua lub foreground ntawm Edison noob rau kaum xyoo)!
Ib cag ntawm cov filament, Edison kuj ua lwm yam kev hloov kho rau lub teeb pom kev zoo, suav nrog kev ua lub tshuab nqus tsev zoo dua kom tshem tawm cov huab cua sab hauv ntawm lub teeb thiab txhim kho Edison ntsia hlau uas tam sim no yog ib qho qauv teeb haum rau ntau lub teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub no. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau ua ntau yam kev tsim khoom uas qhia tau hais tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo, tsim thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tsim hluav taws xob, pib thawj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua lag luam thiab ua thawj lub ntsuas hluav taws xob.
Thaum tham txog lub teeb pom kev zoo, ib yam li Edison, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem mus yam tsis tau hais txog William Sawyer thiab Albon Man, uas tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj rau lub teeb incandescent hauv Asmeskas thiab Joseph Swan, uas muaj nws lub teeb teeb hauv tebchaws Askiv. Vim li no, muaj kev sib cav txog seb Edison tus patent cuam tshuam rau cov inventors 'copyrights. Thaum kawg, Edison lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tau koom ua ke nrog Thomson-Houston Electrical Company (ua cov qij taws siv Sawyer-Tus txiv neej patent), tsim General Electric, thiab Edison lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob lus Askiv tau koom ua ke nrog Swan lub tuam txhab tsim Ediswan hauv tebchaws Askiv.
Thaum Edison txuas ntxiv mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab tsim tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo, lwm cov kws tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv txhim kho me me hauv cov khoom siv filament thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo. Qhov kev sib tw tom ntej no tau tshwm sim thaum cov tub ua lag luam nyob sab Europe tau tsim cov tungsten filament, ua rau lub teeb pom kev ntev dua thiab ua kom lub teeb ci ntau dua. Xyoo 1913, Irving Langmuir tau tshawb pom tias tso cov pa roj tsis zoo (zoo li nitrogen) hauv lub teeb tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ob npaug.
Rau 40 xyoo, cov kws tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv txhim kho thiab hloov kho uas txo tus nqi ntawm qhov muag teev thiab nce lawv cov txiaj ntsig. Txawm li cas los xij, tuaj txog xyoo 1950, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tuaj yeem paub txog yuav ua li cas hloov 10% ntawm lub zog lub teeb rau hauv lub teeb.
Lub invention ntawm lub teeb teeb tsis yog ib tug ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug neeg, tab sis ib tug relay haiv neeg uas kav mus txog rau ib puas xyoo:
1800-1870s: Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb
Volta invents lub roj teeb (1800) → Lub hwj huam tas li
Davy pom hluav taws xob arc teeb thiab lub teeb tawm los ntawm platinum hlau (1809-1820) → Tso lub hauv paus rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus
Goebbels ua lub teeb pom kev zoo uas tuaj yeem hlawv rau 400 teev siv carbonized xyoob filament (1854), tab sis tsis thov rau patent.
1878-1880s: Kev Txiav Txim Siab
Swan tsim lub tshuab nqus tsev carbon filament teeb (1878)
Edison, tom qab ntau txhiab qhov kev sim, ua lub teeb uas tuaj yeem hlawv rau 45 teev siv cov paj rwb carbonized thiab tsim tag nrho cov hluav taws xob (1879)
Tom qab ntawd, carbonized xyoob filament tau siv, txuas lub neej mus rau ntau tshaj 1200 teev, thiab loj - kev lag luam loj pib
20th Century to Tam Sim No: Nruam Optimization
Tungsten filament hloov carbon filament (1906) → Ci ntsa iab thiab ruaj khov dua
Inert gas filling (1913) → Slows down filament evaporation
Kauv filament (1925) → Ntau zog-nrawm
LED era (1990s txog tam sim no) → Zog efficiency txhim kho los ntawm ntau tshaj 10 zaug, lifespan ntawm kaum tawm txhiab teev
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G45 Tungsten filament noob
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