Dab tsi yogcov teebmeem ntawm ultraviolet (UV) thiab deb-liab (Far-Red) LEDs nyob rau theem nrab metabolites (xws li antioxidants) ntawm cov nroj tsuag hydroponic?
Ultraviolet (UV) thiab deb-liab LEDs tau tshwm sim los ua cov cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev tswj cov metabolite thib ob hauv cov nroj tsuag hydroponic, muab cov neeg cog qoob loo tswj hwm cov tebchaw xws li antioxidants, phenolics, thiab flavonoids. Cov metabolites no tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov nroj tsuag resilience tab sis kuj txhawb kev noj zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig, ua rau lawv lub hom phiaj induction yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm -kev ua liaj ua teb ib puag ncig.
UV LEDs, encompassing UV-A (315–400 nm) thiab UV-B (280–315 nm) wavelengths, ua raws li abiotic stressors uas ua rau cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv mechanisms. UV-B raug, tshwj xeeb, txhawb txoj kev phenylpropanoid, ib txoj hauv kev biosynthetic loj rau cov antioxidants xws li anthocyanins thiab resveratrol. Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias qhov nruab nrab UV-B koob tshuaj (feem ntau yog 1-5% ntawm tag nrho lub teeb siv) tuaj yeem nce phenolic cov ntsiab lus los ntawm 20-50% hauv cov nplooj ntsuab xws li lettuce thiab spinach. Cov lus teb no yog yoog raws: cov nroj tsuag tsim cov tshuaj no los nqus UV hluav taws xob, tiv thaiv DNA thiab cov tshuab photosynthetic los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. UV-A, thaum tsis tshua muaj zog ntawm nws cov teebmeem, txhim kho flavonoid tsub zuj zuj- txog li 30% hauv tshuaj ntsuab xws li basil- los ntawm kev tswj cov noob koom nrog hauv flavonoid biosynthesis, xws li chalcone synthase. Txawm li cas los xij, kev raug UV ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj, ua rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab thiab kev loj hlob stunted, yog li lub sijhawm thiab kev siv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ntsuas, feem ntau txwv rau 2-4 teev txhua hnub hauv hydroponic systems.
Far{0}} liab LEDs (700–800 nm)cuam tshuam cov metabolites theem nrab los ntawm lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv cov nroj tsuag photomorphogenesis, kho kom haum los ntawm phytochromes- teeb- cov proteins rhiab heev uas tswj cov noob qhia. Tsis zoo li UV, deb- lub teeb liab feem ntau hloov kho cov qauv cog thiab kev faib cov peev txheej, cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tsim cov metabolite. Hauv cov qoob loo xws li txiv lws suav thiab kua txob, deb - liab raug tsub kom qhov concentration ntawm antioxidants xws li lycopene thiab vitamin C los ntawm 15-25%. Qhov no yog ntaus nqi rau kev txhim kho photosynthate thauj mus rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhov twg cov compounds yog synthesized. Far- lub teeb liab kuj txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm kev ntxhov siab- cuam tshuam cov metabolites, suav nrog carotenoids, los ntawm kev hloov cov nroj tsuag kev nkag siab ntawm lub teeb zoo, uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv cov lus teb txawm tias tsis yog - kev ntxhov siab.
Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm UV thiab deb -liab LEDstuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nplooj zaub xws li kale, raws li kev raug UV-B (sab sawv ntxov) thiab deb- liab ( tsaus ntuj) tau pom tias ua kom tag nrho cov ntsiab lus phenolic nce mus txog 60% piv rau ib zaug - spectrum kho. UV-induced stress primes the phenylpropanoid pathway, hos deb-liab txhim kho carbon faib rau metabolite synthesis, amplifying ntau lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib cuam tshuam yog hom- tshwj xeeb: qee cov nroj tsuag, zoo li mint, qhia txo qis flavonoid qib hauv qab UV ua ke thiab deb -liab, qhia txog qhov xav tau ntawm hom- raws tu qauv.
Growers yuav tsum sib npaug induction nrog cov nroj tsuag noj qab haus huv. UV-B koob tshuaj ntau tshaj 5% ntawm tag nrho lub teeb tuaj yeem ua rau chlorophyll degradation thiab txo cov biomass, offsetting metabolite nce. Ib yam li ntawd, ncua deb - liab raug tuaj yeem ua rau qia elongation ntau dhau, txo cov txiaj ntsig. Cov tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws suav nrog cov ntawv thov UV (1-2 teev txhua hnub) thiab deb- liab ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm loj hlob kawg, ua kom cov metabolite induction yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag vigor.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, UV LEDs ncaj qha ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab- teb cov metabolites theem nrab, thaum nyob deb -liab LEDs txhim kho kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev thiab cov peev txheej- faib cov teebmeem. Lawv cov tswv yim siv hauv cov tshuab hydroponic tuaj yeem txhim kho cov zaub mov zoo ntawm cov qoob loo, muab txoj hauv kev ruaj khov mus rau siab -tus nqi, antioxidant- nplua nuj khoom.
