Nws yog ib hom semiconductor diode, uas tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob rau hauv lub teeb lub zog. LEDs, zoo li cov diodes zoo tib yam, muaj PN hlws ris thiab muaj unidirectional conductivity. Thaum lub teeb emitting diode txuas nrog rau pem hauv ntej voltage, lub qhov txhaj tshuaj los ntawm P cheeb tsam mus rau hauv cheeb tsam N thiab cov electrons txhaj rau hauv P cheeb tsam ntawm cheeb tsam N, raws li, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub PN hlws ris nrog rau lub N cheeb tsam. lub electron thiab p cheeb tsam ntawm lub qhov compound, generating spontaneous emission ntawm fluorescence. Lub zog lub xeev ntawm electrons thiab qhov nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv semiconductor sib txawv. Thaum cov hluav taws xob thiab qhov sib xyaw ua ke, lub zog tso tawm txawv, thiab ntau lub zog tawm, qhov luv luv ntawm lub teeb tawm. Feem ntau siv yog lub teeb liab, ntsuab lossis daj diode. Qhov rov qab tawg voltage ntawm lub teeb emitting diode yog ntau dua 5 volts. Nws cov volt-ampere yam ntxwv nkhaus yog nruj heev, thiab nws yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv series nrog ib tug tam sim no limiting resistor los tswj tam sim no los ntawm lub diode.
Tam sim no-limiting resistor R tuaj yeem xam raws li hauv qab no:
R= (E-UF) / yog Hom E yog qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob, UF yog qhov hluav taws xob rau pem hauv ntej poob ntawm LED, yog tias yog qhov kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj ntawm LED. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub teeb emitting diode yog wafer uas muaj P-hom semiconductor thiab n-hom semiconductor, ib txheej hloov ntawm P-hom semiconductor thiab N-hom semiconductor, hu ua PN Junction. Nyob rau hauv PN kev sib tshuam ntawm qee cov khoom siv semiconductor, cov neeg nqa khoom tsawg thiab cov neeg nqa khoom feem ntau yuav tso tawm lub zog ntau dhau ntawm lub teeb, yog li hloov hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau hauv lub zog. PN Junction Plus thim rov qab voltage, ob peb tus neeg nqa khoom nyuaj rau txhaj, nws tsis tawm lub teeb. Lub diode hu ua Lub Teeb Emitting diode, uas siv cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj electroluminescence, feem ntau hu ua LEDs.
Thaum nws nyob hauv lub xeev ua haujlwm zoo (uas yog, nrog qhov zoo voltage ntawm ob qho kawg), thaum tam sim no ntws los ntawm LED anode mus rau cathode, semiconductor crystals emit lub teeb los ntawm ultraviolet mus rau infrared xim, thiab qhov siv ntawm lub teeb yog. ntsig txog qhov tam sim no.
