Hais Goodbye rau Qhov Chaw Tsim Nyog: Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kom Tshem Tawm "Cave Effect" nrog Kev Tshawb Fawb Teeb
Cov kab tsis zoo ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo pov cov kab teeb txias hauv qhov qhib- phiaj xwm chaw ua haujlwm, tab sis cov neeg ua haujlwm feem ntau xav tias qhov chaw muaj kev tsim txom thiab lawv cov khoom tsim tau raug kev txom nyem- qhov no tuaj yeem yog "qhov cuam tshuam" ntawm kev ua si hauv kev tsim teeb pom kev zoo.
Plato's Allegory of the Cave qhia txog cov neeg raug kaw uas pom tsuas yog duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm phab ntsa, ua rau lawv yuam kev rau qhov tseeb. Kev tsim teeb pom kev lag luam niaj hnub no tuaj yeem qee zaum tsis txhob txwm ntxias cov neeg hauv "qhov tsua."
Tus so- hu"qhov tsua effect"hais txog qhov kev xav ntawm kev tsim txom thiab spatial confinement tshwm sim los ntawm lub teeb tsis txaus ntawm lub qab nthab. Qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem ua rau claustrophobia thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav tsis zoo hauv cov neeg nyob.
01 Lub Ncauj Pitfall hauv Teeb Pom Kev Tsim
Cov nyhuv ntawm qhov tsua yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nrog tsaus tiav thiab flooring. Thaum tib neeg siv sijhawm ntev nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig zoo li no, tsis tsuas yog qhov pom kev nplij siab txo qis, tab sis lub siab xav thiab kev ua haujlwm kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo.
Tsob tshuaj downlights los yog recessed fixtures NW nyuam qhuav illuminates lub qab nthab. Txawm hais tias qee lub teeb pom kev zoo muaj cov nplhaib sib dhos uas muab qhov teeb pom kev me me, nws nyob deb ntawm qhov txaus los tsim kom muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo.
Kev tsim teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub yuav tsum tau rov ua dua - kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev tshawb fawb tom qab kev faib tawm lub teeb. Lub hauv paus ntawmcoj mus muag spatial teeb pom kev zoo tsimlus dag nyob rau hauv sib npaug kev sib raug zoo ntawm ncaj qha thiab indirect illumination.
02 Dab tsi yog Antidote? Lub Hwj Chim ntawm Bi-Kev taw qhia teeb pom kev zoo
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov nyhuv hauv qhov tsua, ua kom lub teeb pom kev tsis ncaj yog qhov ncaj qha thiab zoo tshaj plaws. Suspended luminaires uas muab ob lub teeb pom kev zoo, tseem hu ua indirect / ncaj teeb pom kev zoo, yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Cov fixtures no tsis tsuas yog cam khwb cia lub teeb ncaj qha downward tab sis kuj qhia nws mus rau lub qab nthab, comprehensively pab ambient brightness. Architectural LED linear fixtures ua piv txwv txoj hauv kev no, muab ob qho tib si ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj los ntawm txoj haujlwm raug tshem tawm.
Xws liindirect{0}}cov luminaires ncaj qhatshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov chaw lag luam xws li chaw ua haujlwm, khw muag khoom, thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj nuj nqis rau ob qho tib si tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub qhov tsua.
03 Technical Nuance: Ntsuas qhov nrug thiab sib xws
Thaum siv cov teeb pom kev tsis ncaj, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub teeb thiab lub qab nthab yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog tias muab tso ze dhau lawm, "qhov kub kub" tuaj yeem tshwm sim- thaj chaw uas lub teeb tsom mus rau qhov ci ntsa iab heev.
Rau fixtures mounted ze rau lub qab nthab, los yog thaum aiming rau siab tshaj plaws qab nthab uniformity, xaiv luminaires nrog ib tug dav beam faib, hu ua"batwing" faib, yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Ib qho 4-ko taw linear fixture yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm loj. Nws muab ob qho tib si nce thiab nqis lub teeb, boasts lub neej ntev txog 60,000 teev, muaj kev ua tau zoo txog li 123 lumens ib watt, thiab yog tus nqi sib tw.
04 Tshiab vs. Qub: Ib qho piv txwv ntawm Peb Txoj Kev
Rau qhov chaw uas twb muaj lawm raug kev txom nyem los ntawm lub qhov tsua, ntau txoj kev tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov teeb pom kev zoo. Cov lus hauv qab no sib piv peb lub ntsiab kev daws teeb meem:
| Kev daws | Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm | Kev siv yooj yim | Cov nyhuv tiv thaiv qhov tsua Effect | Qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv Case |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Downlights / Recessed Teeb | Direct downward lub teeb nkaus xwb, tsawg heev qab nthab reflection | Yooj yim, qauv kev coj ua | pluag, tej zaum yuav ua rau cov nyhuv | Kev daws ib ntus rau cov peev nyiaj nruj |
| Suspended Bi-Directional Luminaires | Muab ob qho tib si ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj teeb pom kev zoo ib txhij | Nruab nrab, xav tau kev tsim qauv | Zoo heev, qhov kev daws teeb meem | Kev tsim kho tshiab lossis kev kho kom zoo dua qub |
| Ntxiv Independent Indirect Lighting | Supplementing nrog uplighting sconces, pem teb teeb, thiab lwm yam. | Yooj yim, tuaj yeem ua tiav maj mam | Zoo, muab kev txhim kho pom zoo | Maj mam optimization ntawm cov chaw uas twb muaj lawm |
05 Optical Analysis: Kev Tshawb Fawb Tom Qab "Batwing" Tsim
Vim li cas "batwing" luminaires muab ntau lub qab nthab teeb pom kev zoo? Qhov no suav nrog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim kho qhov muag.
Lub teeb siv hluav taws xob faib tawm ntawm cov luminaires ib txwm ua raws li Gaussian nkhaus, ci ntsa iab ntawm qhov chaw thiab fading sai heev ntawm cov npoo.Batwing optical tsimsiv cov khoom tshwj xeeb (xws li micro- prism lo ntsiab muag, reflectors, lossis diffusers) kom rov faib lub teeb, tsim kom muaj lub hauv nruab nrab nkhaus nrog qhov dav dav.
Qhov kev tsim no faib lub teeb rau hauv cov qauv dav heev, pab tshem tawm qhov kub thiab ua kom lub qab nthab ntxuav. Rau kev txhim khoqab nthab illuminance uniformity, txoj hauv kev no ua haujlwm tau zoo dua thiab lub zog-txuag dua li tsuas yog nce tus naj npawb ntawm fixtures.
06 Flexible Adaptation: Cov Tswv Yim Thaum Hloov Kho Kho Tsis Muaj Kev Xaiv
Hloov cov khoom siv uas twb muaj lawm nrog ob- cov kev taw qhia yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tshem tawm cov nyhuv hauv qhov tsua. Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias kev hloov pauv tsis ua tau? Lub teeb pom kev tsis ncaj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv rau ntau txoj hauv kev los txo qhov teeb meem.
Lwm cov kev daws teeb meem suav nrog kev txhim kho phab ntsa sconces uas qaij nce mus rau saum lub qab nthab, ntxiv cov teeb hauv pem teb uas cuam tshuam dav dav ntawm lub teeb nce siab, thiab rov xav txog kev xaiv tsim sab hauv. Hloov cov xim tsaus nrog cov sib zog sib zog pab cuam tshuam ntau lub teeb uas twb muaj lawm, ua kom lub qab nthab ci.
Cov chaw tsaus nti nqus lub teeb feem ntau, thaum lub teeb - xim xim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam 70-90% ntawm qhov teeb meem teeb meem. Los ntawm optimizing nto reflectivity nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw, cov nyhuv ntawm indirect teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho, txo cov nyhuv qhov tsua.
Thaum cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis xis nyob hauv chaw ua haujlwm, thaum cov tub ntxhais kawm tawm tsam tsom mus rau hauv chav kawm, lossis thaum cov neeg siv khoom tsis kam nyob hauv khw, qhov teeb meem yuav yog "qhov cuam tshuam." Kev xaiv thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm luminaires, xim ntawm lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa, thiab txawm tias cov rooj tog tso rau txhua qhov ntsiag to cuam tshuam qhov chaw lub teeb ib puag ncig.
Teeb pom kev zoo tsim tau ntev dhau los ntawm theem pib ntawm "ci txaus." Tsim kom muaj kev tshawb fawb thiab tsim teeb pom kev zoo ib puag ncig tau dhau los ua tus qauv tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas spatial zoo. Hmoov zoo, cov txheej txheem los daws cov nyhuv hauv qhov tsua yog muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab siv tau.
Kev tsim teeb pom kev zoo tiag tiag yuav tsum zoo li lub teeb pom kev zoo- ob qho tib si ci thiab mos, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thaum txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws yuav tsum ua kom cov neeg nyob hauv qhov chaw xis nyob thiab xis nyob.
FAQ
Q1: Kuv tuaj yeem qhia tau li cas yog tias kuv qhov chaw muaj qhov pom ntawm "qhov tsua"?
Ib qho kev sim yooj yim yog tua tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo thaum nruab hnub thiab saib qhov chaw qhov ci. Tom qab ntawd, thaum hmo ntuj, tig lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab sib piv qhov ci ntawm lub qab nthab hauv ob qho tib si. Yog hais tias lub qab nthab yog qhov tsaus ntuj heev thaum hmo ntuj, txawm tias tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phab ntsa, cov nyhuv qhov tsua yuav tshwm sim. Ib txoj kev tshaj lij suav nrog kev siv lub ntsuas ntsuas lub teeb; qab nthab illuminance yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 30% ntawm lub dav hlau ua hauj lwm illuminance.
Q2: Yog tias kuv qhov chaw uas twb muaj lawm muaj ntau lub teeb pom kev zoo, lawv puas yuav tsum tau hloov?
Tsis tas li. Lub tswv yim txhim kho theem tuaj yeem siv tau: Ua ntej, hloov qee qhov teeb pom kev hauv cov chaw tseem ceeb (xws li qhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm, chav sib tham) nrog rau kev ncua ob -cov teeb pom kev zoo. Thib ob, ntxiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis ncaj ncaj, xws li cov teeb pom kev zoo lossis cov teeb hauv pem teb. Thaum kawg, optimize nto reflectivity los ntawm kev hloov lub qab nthab tsaus thiab phab ntsa rau cov xim sib zog. Kev sib xyaw ntawm peb txoj kev no tuaj yeem txhim kho lub qhov tsua zoo tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tag nrho.
Q3: Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los tsom rau thaum xaiv cov teeb pom kev tsis ncaj?
Tshaj li cov qauv ntsuas xws li xim kub, CRI, thiab kev ua tau zoo, ua tib zoo saib xyuas ob qhov ntsuas: Ua ntej,Upward Light Output Ratio (ULOR)-qhov feem ntawm tag nrho cov luminous flux emission upward los ntawm lub luminaire, uas feem ntau yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 30%. Thib ob, lubbeam lub kaum sab xis; fixtures nrog lub kaum sab xis dav (ntau dua 100 degree) yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ntxhua khaub ncaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub fixture mounting qhov siab thiab qhov sib txawv cuam tshuam rau qhov tshwm sim; Kev ncua qhov siab tsis pub tsawg tshaj 15% ntawm lub qab nthab qhov siab feem ntau pom zoo.
Nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum uas lub hnub tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag, lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb yog ntsiag to rewriting cov cai ntawm spatial perception. Thaum lub teeb raug tso tawm los ntawm ib qho kev taw qhia thiab kawm kom ntws tawm ntawm lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa, qhov piv txwv ntawm lub qhov tsua poob nws cov duab ntxoov ntxoo hauv kev tsim teeb pom kev niaj hnub.
Cov ntaub ntawv & Cov Lus Cim:
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Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE).Teeb pom kev ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm sab hauv. CIE S 008/E: 2001.
Illuminating Engineering Society (IES).Phau Ntawv Teeb Pom Kev. 10th Edition. 2011.
Boyce, PRHuman Factors hauv Teeb pom kev zoo. 3rd Edition. CRC Xovxwm. 2014.
Nco tseg:Txhua qhov kev kho teeb pom kev zoo uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij uas tsim nyog ua raws li cov cai hluav taws xob hauv zos thiab cov qauv.
