Kev tsom xam ntawm qhov kev faib tawm thiab lub teeb ci ntawm lub tsev teeb
Txij li thaum txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tsev teeb, raws li qhov sib txawv siv ib puag ncig thiab tsim qauv, ntau hom tau muab los, uas tau muab faib ua peb pawg: European-style lawj teeb, niaj hnub teeb vaj tsev teeb, thiab classical courtyard lights.
European style vaj teeb:
Nws cov qauv tsim feem ntau siv qee cov duab kos duab nyob sab Europe los ntawm cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe, thiab ntxiv cov ntsiab lus tsis meej.
Niaj hnub nimno vaj tsev teeb:
Nws cov qauv tsim feem ntau siv cov khoom siv niaj hnub, thiab siv cov txheej txheem yooj yim los qhia.
Classical teeb pom kev zoo:
Nws cov qauv tsim feem ntau siv cov khoom siv hauv Suav teb, uas yog siv thiab hloov kho, xws li lub teeb vaj tsev.
Peb hom teeb pom kev hauv tsev no sawv cev rau cov qauv sib txawv thiab tau muab los ntawm cov tuam txhab feem ntau los ua kom haum rau cov qauv tsim ntawm cov tsev hauv nroog.
Lub teeb ci yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua yam khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo. Raws li qhov sib txawv illuminance yuav tsum tau, txawv hom thiab ntau hom teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem xaiv. Feem ntau siv cov teeb pom kev zoo yog: cov teeb ci incandescent, lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob, teeb fluorescent, sodium teeb, hlau halide teeb, ceramic hlau halide teeb, Thiab ib hom tshiab ntawm LED teeb qhov chaw. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua qhov teeb pom kev zoo:
1. Lub teeb ci
Incandescent luminescence yog hais txog qhov pom photoelectric hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm atoms txaus siab los ntawm tshav kub. Lub teeb incandescent siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub teeb incandescent kom tam sim no dhau los ntawm tungsten filament hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab cov tungsten filament yog rhuab rau incandescent thiab emits pom lub teeb. Cov xim kub ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo tib yam yog 2800K, uas yog xim daj ntau dua li lub teeb ntuj thiab zoo li sov. Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub teeb incandescent: tus nqi qis, yooj yim siv thiab nruab. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tig ntau zaus, thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab lub neej ntawm lub teeb yog tsawg heev.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub teeb incandescent:
Lub neej luv luv thiab qis luminous efficiency. Lub teeb pom kev pom hluav taws xob tawm los ntawm lub teeb incandescent feem ntau tsawg dua 10% ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, thiab feem ntau ntawm lub zog tau hloov mus rau hauv hluav taws xob infrared, uas ua rau muaj cua sov ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet emissions los ntawm lub teeb incandescent kuj yog qhov siab, uas yuav ua rau lub fading ntawm irradiated tsab xov xwm.
2. Lub teeb fluorescent, lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob
Lub teeb fluorescent thiab lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob yog ib hom kev siv hluav taws xob qis mercury vapor arc tawm teeb, feem ntau ntev tubular, nrog rau ib qho electrode ntawm txhua qhov kawg. Lub teeb muaj cov mercury uas tsis tshua muaj siab mercury vapor thiab me me ntawm inert gas, thiab sab hauv ntawm lub teeb raj yog coated nrog phosphor txheej. Cov teeb fluorescent tau muab faib ua cov raj ncaj fluorescent thiab cov teeb fluorescent compact. Ncaj raj fluorescent teeb tuaj yeem muab faib ua preheating pib, pib sai thiab pib sai raws li qhov pib hom, thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua T12, T8 thiab T5 raws li lub raj. Lub teeb fluorescent compact tau tsim los hloov lub teeb incandescent uas siv ntau lub zog, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg thiab lub neej ntev. Lub neej ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo tib yam tsuas yog 1000 teev, thiab lub neej zoo ntawm cov teeb fluorescent yog 8000-10000 teev.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov teeb fluorescent thiab lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob:
Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov teeb fluorescent yog qhov ua tau zoo luminous. Lub teeb pom kev tawm los ntawm lub teeb fluorescent yog kwv yees li 28% ntawm lub zog nkag. Lub geometric loj ntawm lub raj, cov roj filling thiab siab, phosphor txheej, txheej txheem tsim khoom, thiab qhov ntsuas kub thiab lub zog zaus yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub luminous efficiency ntawm lub teeb fluorescent. Cov xim ntawm lub teeb tawm los ntawm lub teeb fluorescent feem ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm phosphor coated rau sab hauv ntawm lub raj. Cov xim kub ntawm cov teeb fluorescent txawv txawv, xws li ntawm 2900K txog 10000K. Raws li cov xim, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua xim dawb (WW), dawb (W), txias dawb (CW), thiab hnub ci (D). Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, sov dawb (WW), dawb (W), nruab hnub nrig (D) fluorescent teeb muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim rendering, thiab txias dawb (CW), mos dawb thiab siab heev sov dawb (WWX) fluorescent teeb tuaj yeem muab cov xim zoo dua. , High-qib txias dawb (CWX) fluorescent teeb tuaj yeem muaj xim zoo nkauj. Lub teeb emissions los ntawm cov teeb fluorescent yog qhov sib txawv thiab tsis yooj yim rau kev tsom, yog li nws tau siv dav hauv cov teeb pom kev zoo, duab down-shooting, up-shooting dej nyab teeb pom kev zoo, ua haujlwm teeb pom kev zoo, thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo.
3. Sodium teeb
Kuj tseem hu ua lub teeb hluav taws xob siab siab sodium yog lub teeb tso tawm uas tawm lub teeb los ntawm sodium vapor. Lub luminous efficiency yog siab heev, lub neej ntev, adaptability rau ib puag ncig yog zoo, thiab nws muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm ib txwm nyob rau hauv ntau yam kub kub.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm sodium teeb:
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb thiab qhov loj ntawm lub teeb sodium yog loj; cov xim sib txawv yog qhov tsis xis nyob daj-dawb txias lub teeb; cov xim rendering tsis zoo, thiab cov xim rendering Performance index ntawm tib lub high-pressure sodium teeb tsuas yog 23. Yog li ntawd, zoo tib yam high-pressure sodium teeb feem ntau yog siv rau txoj kev teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lwm yam rau lawv luminous efficiency thiab lub neej siab, tab sis tsis. siab xav tau rau lub teeb xim thiab xim rendering. Kuj tseem muaj kev txhim kho siab siab sodium teeb nrog cov xim siab ua kom pom, uas muaj xim dawb lub teeb sov thiab cov xim siab ua kom pom tseeb ntawm ntau dua 80%. Hom teeb no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lub zog txuag hluav taws xob yog qhov pom tseeb.
4. Hlau halide teeb
Kuj tseem hu ua hlau halide teeb yog ib hom roj tso tawm hluav taws xob siab. Cov qauv yooj yim yog lub plhaub iav pob tshab thiab lub siab kub resistant quartz iav arc raj. Nitrogen los yog inert gas yog flushed ntawm lub plhaub thiab lub puab raj, thiab lub puab raj yog sau nrog Enter inert gases, mercury vapor thiab hlau halides. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau halide teeb: Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev ua haujlwm, lub vapor ntawm cov hlau halide diffuses mus rau qhov chaw arc, thiab dispersed rau hauv cov hlau atoms thiab halogen atoms nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kub kub. Cov hlau atoms koom nrog hauv qhov tso tawm kom pom lub teeb pom kev. Thaum cov atoms diffuse mus rau sab phab ntsa ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub raj hluav taws xob, ob lub recombine rau hauv hlau halides.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau halide teeb:
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau halide teeb yog qhov ua tau zoo luminous thiab lub neej ntev. Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub teeb lub cev thiab cov hlau halide puv, qhov ua kom pom kev zoo, xim kub ntawm lub teeb thiab xim rendering ntawm hlau halide teeb sib txawv heev. Txawm hais tias tsis zoo hlau halide teeb muaj qhov ua tau zoo luminous, lawv muaj cov xim tsis zoo; zoo hlau halide teeb emit lub teeb xim ze rau dawb ntawm ntuj lub teeb, nrog rau kev pom kev zoo nkauj thiab zoo dua xim rendering zog. Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau halide teeb yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem teeb tam sim ntawd, thiab nws yuav siv sijhawm li 5 feeb kom sov kom ncav cuag qhov ci ntsa iab. Tom qab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam, nws yuav siv sijhawm 5-20 feeb kom txias lub teeb ua ntej rov pib dua. Lub teeb hlau halide yog rhiab heev rau qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Thaum lub hwj huam mov voltage hloov ntau tshaj 10% nce thiab nqis tus nqi ntsuas, nws yuav ua rau qhov hloov ntawm lub teeb xim. Thiab cov haujlwm sib txawv kuj tseem yuav cuam tshuam cov xim ntawm lub teeb thiab lub neej ntawm lub teeb.
5. Ceramic hlau halide teeb
Lub teeb ceramic hlau halide yog lub teeb hlau halide uas siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li lub raj hluav taws xob. Nws yog lub teeb pom kev zoo tshiab uas ua ke nrog cov thev naus laus zis ceramic ntawm quartz hlau halide teeb thiab sodium teeb, sib txuas qhov zoo ntawm ob.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ceramic hlau halide teeb:
Txij li thaum lub raj ceramic tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab ruaj khov heev hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj, cov ceramic hlau halide teeb muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua luminous, lub neej ntev, lub teeb ruaj khov thiab xim thaum lub neej, me me, zoo heev xim rendering, thiab Ra>80 ua. Thiab cov raj ceramic tuaj yeem lim tawm feem ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet, txo qhov fading ntawm cov khoom vim teeb pom kev zoo. Raws li kev pom ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo no, ceramic hlau halide teeb tau dhau los ua lub teeb pom kev tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim qauv ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo.
6.LED
Kuj hu ua lub teeb-emitting diodes, los yog LEDs luv luv, yog ib yam tshiab ntawm lub teeb qhov chaw uas ncaj qha hloov hluav taws xob lub zog rau hauv pom lub teeb los ntawm semiconductor diodes, siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electroluminescence. Electroluminescence yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm emitting lub teeb vim yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog nrog lub teb hluav taws xob.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm LED teeb-emitting diodes:
Raws li hom tshiab ntawm semiconductor lub teeb ci, piv nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo ib txwm muaj, lub teeb emitting diodes muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no: lub neej ntev, lub sijhawm luminous mus txog 100,000 teev; Lub sijhawm pib luv luv, lub sijhawm teb tsuas yog kaum tawm nanoseconds; Cov qauv ruaj khov, raws li cov khoom siv tag nrho Cov qauv khoom muaj peev xwm tiv taus oscillations thiab shocks; nws muaj luminous efficiency thiab tsawg zog noj, thiab yog lub zog txuag lub teeb; lub luminous lub cev yog nyob ze rau qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo, thiab cov qauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog qhov yooj yim, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim lub teeb; Cov kev taw qhia luminous muaj zog heev, tsis yog yuav tsum tau siv lub reflector los tswj cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb irradiation, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub teeb nyias nyias, uas yog tsim rau lub sijhawm uas tsis muaj ntau qhov chaw teeb tsa. Nws feem ntau ntseeg tias lub teeb-emitting diodes yog lub cim thib plaub ntawm lub teeb ci tom qab cov teeb ci, cov teeb fluorescent, thiab cov teeb hluav taws xob siab. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb-emitting diodes yog nce, thiab cov kev siv tau dav dua thiab dav dua.
